Science & nature
Meet the Bonewood, cousin to the Soap Tree!

There's always some kind of debate over plant names raging.

There's the perennial issue of whether to use common names or scientific names. Common names are often easier for non-botanists to remember, as they're in a currently spoken language (rather than a weird mix of pseudo-Greek and pseudo-Latin) and often describe some recognisable feature of the plant. Scientific names have the benefit of being unique, and assigned through recognised scientific processes that avoid confusion such as (confusingly) one plant having many common names or (even more confusingly) many different plants having the same common name!

Once you're in the scientific name space, it gets complex quickly, with changes in taxonomic classification meaning plants are regularly assigned new scientific names, or a previously discarded scientific name is reinstated.

The great international Acacia battle, finally resolved in 2005, is one such example, where Australian wattles retained the genus Acacia while plants from other regions got less sought-after names such as Vachellia or Senegalia. You can read more about it in this great article from 2021 by Belinda Smith under the ABC's Science Friction label.  

Why am I going on about plant names? Because some plants have interesting or odd names, including the tree I wanted to feature this week. It's Emmenosperma alphitonioides, or Bonewood or Yellow Ash, which is a highly ornamental, though uncommon and rarely grown local tree. Its common names come from two different features of the plant, Bonewood apparently referring to the bone-coloured timber, Yellow Ash apparently to the yellowish tinge of the foliage (though it is often a deep dark green), and the scientific name to features of the species of interest to botanists back when it was first graced with a scientific name. I've never seen the timber and still wonder what 'bone-coloured wood' actually looks like.   

Emmenosperma alphitonioides, or Bonewood or Yellow Ash, is a handsome though uncommon tree of the region. It's in fruit right now (May), and the cheerful orange of the fruit is highly visible, for example on this tree in Gipps Road in Keiraville, near the entrance to Nyrang Park. Photo: Emma Rooksby. 

AlphitoniaAlphitonia excelsa

A picture of the bird-attracting orange fruit of the Bonewood (Alphitonia excelsa), before the fruit splits open to reveal the seeds. Image by Byron Cawthorne-McGregor.

Happy Bonewood spotting! 

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